9-Year-Old Girl Gives Birth To Healthy Baby Boy In China

In north-east China, an unnamed Chinese girl gave birth by Caesarean section to a healthy baby boy. She was 9 years old. She was brought to a hospital in Changchun when she was eight and a half months pregnant, and gave birth there, a Chinese newspaper reported.
According to reports, local police haven't determined who the father is, but are investigating -- in this province sex with a minor under the age of 14 comes with an automatic rape conviction and jail sentence.
This new mother is among the world's youngest mothers, but not the youngest. The youngest reported mother in the world is Lina Medina of Peru, who was pregnant at five years, eight months old, and gave birth to a normal boy at age six, five months. According to a Time magazine article, Lina's boy grew up perfectly healthy. When the boy was in high school, the doctor who performed Lina's Caesarean reported: "Lina's boy is normal and intelligent. He wants to take up electronics."
The child comes from the nearby town of Songyuan. Her family refused to discuss the pregnancy, but confirmed they had reported it to the police.
Last night police were reportedly trying to establish who the father is. 
In the province, sex with a child under the age of 14 brings an automatic rape conviction and a lengthy jail sentence.
A legal expert told the paper that women under the age of 14 do not have sexual rights  - 'so any argument of being consensual as a defence is completely untenable,' he said.
He added: 'Anyone who had sexual relations with a girl under 14 means they have committed rape and is to be punished severely.'
A  hospital in China's largest city, Shanghai, recently said that about 30 per cent of abortions were on school-aged girls.
The youngest reported mother in the world - and the most bizarre of all young pregnancy cases - is five-year-old Lina Medina of Peru, who gave birth to a 6lb son named Gerardo in a Caesarean operation in 1939.
lina medina
Lina Medina, accompanied by her 11-month-old-son Gerardo, and Dr Lozada who helped with the birth. The picture was taken in 1939 in a hospital in Lima, Peru's capital
Her father was arrested on suspicion of sexual abuse but was later released because of lack of evidence.
In 1957 another Peruvian girl, aged nine, gave birth to a girl weighing just over 6lb and, curiously, it was in 2006 that yet another Peruvian girl, aged eight, gave birth to a 4lb 4oz girl.
Several other girls aged nine, from Thailand, Singapore, Rwanda and Brazil, have also given birth.
Mothers aged as young as 10 and 11 have also become an increasing occurrence.
The youngest mother in Britain is believed to have been 11 when she got pregnant and 12 years old when she gave birth. 

GIRLS REACHING PUBERTY AT EVER YOUNGER AGES
Menstruation usually starts at the age of 12 but it is not uncommon for it start earlier. In the western world children are reaching puberty at younger and younger ages - some girls at the age of seven. Many blame rising obesity rates because, generally, girls who achieve menstruation earlier in life tend to have greater body mass index and a higher ratio of fat compared to those who begin menstruation later. University of Bristol research has suggested one girl in six reaches puberty before the age of eight - 18 months earlier than their mothers. Periods are a sign that a girl is now releasing fertile eggs which makes her able to conceive

Facebook can forecast when you'll find love (or lose it)


Facebook
Given how much information Facebook has about its users, it's no surprise that members of the social network's data team can infer all sorts of details about human behavior. They even know when people are generally most likely to begin — or end — a relationship.
In a recent blog post, Jackson Gorham and Andrew T. Fiore — two of Facebook's data scientists — shared the data they've compiled about the "seasonality of relationship formation." They analyzed Facebook users' relationship statuses in 2010 and 2011 in order to tabulate changes from "non-coupled" statuses (such as "single" or "divorced") to "coupled" statuses (such as "in a relationship" or "engaged") and vice versa. They compared the two figures and calculated net percentage changes.

So what did they learn about our romantic (and not-so-romantic) tendencies?

For starters, they noticed that love tends to win around Valentine's Day and Christmas. On Feb. 14, Feb. 15, Dec. 24, and Dec. 25 there tend to be significantly more new relationships than break-ups. They also observed a high increase in new relationships on April 1, but — considering that there's also a significant number of break-ups on April 2 — it is fairly reasonable to assume that many of those relationship status changes were just "in good fun" or part of some sort of April Fool's Day joke.

As far as break-ups go, the team noticed that the summer months are particularly bad news for relationship across all age groups.
Facebook
Facebook
Facebook's data scientists didn't stop with those broad time frames though. They also made it a point to figure out how the days of the week factor into relationship status changes. They discovered that there was a "net gain in relationships after the weekend — Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday were the biggest days for new romance."
They also noted that break-ups had a tendency to occur on the days leading up to the weekend. They speculated that one explanation for this phenomenon could be that "people looking for a change tend to end their old relationships in time to spend the weekend with friends or get back in the game with someone new." Alternatively, some folks might just be putting the drama of a break-up off until the work week's nearly over.

Facebook takes steps to address privacy concerns


NEW YORK (AP) — Facebook has taken steps in recent days to address more worries about privacy, warning employers not to ask prospective employees for their passwords and trying to clarify its user "rights and responsibilities" policies.
But the latter effort backfired when tens of thousands of users, mostly in Germany, misunderstood the clarifications and blasted the company, even though nothing substantive had changed. Their discontent showed that, no matter what Facebook does, privacy concerns are still the biggest threat to users' trust and to its growth.
"There is such an incredible level of scrutiny now about anything any company does about privacy," said Jules Polonetsky, director of the Future of Privacy Forum, an industry-backed think tank in Washington. "We are treating every single thing that touches privacy as a five-alarm fire. The risk of all these five-alarm level outbursts is that people will become inured about privacy and miss realprivacy issues because of crying wolf when nothing is actually going on."
Users' willingness to share information is a key part of Facebook's business. The site makes the bulk of its money from ads that target users based on their personal information. Last year, the company earned a profit of $668 million and booked $3.7 billion of revenue, and it's preparing for an initial public offering later this spring that could be valued at as much as $100 billion.
Privacy issues have dogged Facebook for years. It settled with the Federal Trade Commission in November over allegations that it misled users about the handling of their personal information. Google Inc., a big rival, agreed to a similar settlement eight months earlier.
The latest ruckus happened when more than 30,000 German users posted that they were rejecting the company's proposed changes to its governing documents. But the changes amounted to nuanced revisions and clarifications of long-standing policies — not a major overhaul.
The company, for instance, replaced the word "profile" with "timeline," since Facebook users now have a different type of profile. Facebook also changed "hateful" to "hate speech" in its description of prohibited content.
Still, users who read the documents for the first time noticed some things that alarmed them. For example, the document replaced the words "privacy policy" with "data-use policy," seemingly taking privacy out of the picture.
Facebook has been calling it a data-use policy since September, preferring to be more straightforward about its actual purpose. But the company makes so many subtle changes that it's easy to lose track.
"It's clear that some people fundamentally misunderstand our proposed changes. Our data-use policy governs how we use and collect data. That document is not changing at this time," Facebook spokesman Barry Schnitt said. "That's why we have this unique and transparent process, though — so have an opportunity to clarify confusion and respond to user concerns. We look forward to doing so in the coming weeks."
Another worrisome discovery might have been the fact that applications used by your Facebook friends can gain access to your data on Facebook, even if you do not use the apps yourself. That's true, but it's been true since at least 2007 and well-documented elsewhere on the site.
The attention focused on Facebook's largely cosmetic changes reflect just how closely people watch the company.
"If they reposted the same privacy policy they had, everyone would be jumping up and down," said Polonetsky, a former chief privacy officer at AOL.
Sarah Downey, senior privacy strategist at an online privacy software provider called Abine, was among those criticizing Facebook this week. She said the company is being more straightforward about its business model and what it does by clarifying its documents. But that doesn't necessarily mean it's heading in the right direction.
"What we once thought of as a social network has really become an advertising network," she said.
On Friday, it was Facebook itself that raised alarms about privacy, warning employers not to ask job applicants for their passwords to the site so they can poke around on their profiles. The company threatened legal action against applications that violate its long-standing policy against sharing passwords.
The company action came after The Associated Press documented cases of job applicants who were asked, at the interview table, to reveal their Facebook passwords so their prospective employers can check their online profiles.
A Facebook executive cautioned that if an employer discovers that a job applicant is a member of a protected group, the employer may be vulnerable to claims of discrimination if it doesn't hire that person.
"As a user, you shouldn't be forced to share your private information and communications just to get a job," Erin Egan, Facebook's chief privacy officer of policy, wrote in a post. "And as the friend of a user, you shouldn't have to worry that your private information or communications will be revealed to someone you don't know and didn't intend to share with just because that user is looking for a job."
The post sparked comments from Facebook users, many of them thankful. But the number totaled only 108 — a sign that when it comes to online privacy, it's far easier to stir anger than gratitude.

Yahoo sues Facebook over 10 disputed patents in the US

Facebook logo Facebook's upcoming share sale could value the company to be worth as much as $100bn (£64bn)
Yahoo has filed an intellectual property lawsuit against Facebook.
Yahoo claims the social network has infringed 10 of its patents including systems and methods for advertising on the web. Facebook denies the allegation.
The move comes ahead of Facebook's planned flotation later this year.
Patent litigation has become common between the smartphone makers, but this marks a new front in the battles between the tech giants.
A statement from Yahoo suggested the web portal believed it has a strong case.
"Yahoo's patents relate to cutting edge innovations in online products, including in messaging, news feed generation, social commenting, advertising display, preventing click fraud and privacy controls," its suit said.
"Facebook's entire social network model, which allows users to create profiles and connect with, among other things, persons and businesses, is based on Yahoo's patented social networking technology.
The social network signalled that it believed that Yahoo had not tried hard to settle the matter without involving the courts. It described Yahoo's action as "puzzling".
"We're disappointed that Yahoo, a longtime business partner of Facebook and a company that has substantially benefited from its association with Facebook, has decided to resort to litigation," it added.
History repeating The case has echoes of Yahoo's decision to sue Google ahead of its flotation in 2004. That dispute centred over patents that Yahoo had acquired the previous year as part of its takeover of pay-per-position specialist Overture.
Google ultimately settled the case by issuing 2.7 million shares to its rival.
"It's reasonable that Yahoo would want to try this tactic again as it worked in the past," BGC Partner's New York-based technology analyst Colin Gillis told the BBC.
"But there's an air of desperation about this - it's unlikely that they will get easy money from Facebook. This isn't going to derail the IPO."
Yahoo recently overhauled its board appointing Scott Thompson as its chief executive in January. The former Paypal executive replaced Carol Bartz who had been ousted in September.
Yahoo's co-founder, Jerry Yang, also resigned from the board in January. The firm's chairman and three other board members announced their decision to step down shortly afterwards.
The Wall Street Journal had reported that many Yahoo employees expected fresh job cuts following consecutive quarters of revenue declines.
Test case Mr Thompson's decision to sue may secure fresh funds or other assets if the courts rule in his favour.
"This is particularly interesting as it is one of the first patent cases concerning social media," said Andrea Matwyshyn, assistant professor of legal studies at the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
"The patentability of computer code is uncertain and recently several groups such as the Electronic Frontier Foundation and the Computer and Communications Industry Association have asked the US Supreme Court to examine the state of the law and accept a case to clarify when computer code can be protected through patent.
"This may be a case that advances past the district court and at least reaches the appellate court level - one notch below the Supreme Court - if the two parties do not settle first."
The latest suit was filed in the US district court for the northern district of California.

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